North Macedonia remains a key transit and distribution hub in Southeastern Europe due to its strategic location at the crossroads between East and West. The developed road and rail infrastructure, combined with the country’s compact size, allows access to nearly every populated area within 3 hours, making it an ideal location for logistics and distribution to European markets.
North Macedonia boasts a modern digital telecommunications network and is among the most liberalized telecom markets in the region. Currently, around 15–18 companies offer fixed-line telephone services, while the mobile telecommunications sector is rapidly evolving, supported by four main mobile operators that provide high-quality and widely accessible services. The country has extensive fiber-optic infrastructure and widespread 4G/5G coverage, significantly enhancing business climate and digital development.
The total length of the road network in North Macedonia is approximately 13,500 km, encompassing state, regional, and local roads. There is ongoing investment in construction and rehabilitation in line with the National Road Transport Strategy and the Public Investment Program, focusing on improving transport corridors and connectivity with neighboring countries.
The Pan-European Corridors VIII and X remain the backbone of the country’s road network, facilitating regional transport of goods and passengers.
The railway network in North Macedonia now spans around 925 km, providing north-south and east-west connectivity directly linking with the rail systems of Serbia, Greece, Bulgaria, and Albania. Within the territory of North Macedonia, approximately 165 km of the planned 306 km of Corridor 8 (east-west) are constructed and operational. The railway infrastructure is under continuous modernization efforts, including track renewal and technology upgrades to improve safety and travel speed.
North Macedonia operates two main international airports: Skopje Airport and Ohrid Airport. Both airports offer regular direct flights to several major European cities. The Turkish operator TAV continues to manage the airport system under a concession valid until 2028. Continuous investments are being made to modernize infrastructure and improve passenger services.
As a landlocked country, North Macedonia does not have its own seaports but benefits from convenient access to nearby ports in Thessaloniki (approximately 100 km from the Gevgelija border crossing) and Durrës (about 150 km from the Struga border crossing). These ports serve as important gateways for import and export activities. Passenger transport exists on Lake Ohrid via smaller vessels accommodating 25 to 150 passengers.
The energy sector in North Macedonia is a national development priority, supported by a widespread and reliable electricity distribution network ensuring stable supply across the country. EVN Macedonia, part of the Austrian EVN Group, continues to operate the electricity supply. The country emphasizes the development of renewable energy sources, particularly hydropower, with about 70% of technically available hydro potential open for current and future investments.
Gas Pipeline
The gas pipeline system, part of the Pan-European Corridor 8, has an annual capacity of approximately 800 million cubic meters. The main pipeline extends about 100 km from the Bulgarian border to Skopje, complemented by expanded distribution and urban networks. The development strategy focuses on expanding supply for electricity generation, heating, industrial use, and improving regional connectivity.
Oil Pipeline Thessaloniki (Greece) – Skopje (North Macedonia)
The 213 km oil pipeline transports crude oil from the port of Thessaloniki to the refinery in Skopje. The pipeline capacity remains at 360 m³/hour (about 2.5 million tons per year). It is a critical component of the country’s energy infrastructure and is regularly maintained and upgraded.